# Cpp Cheatsheet --- # Rust Fundamentals --- ## Overview * Writing Safe Rust gets you the following benefits instantly: * running UBSAN, ASAN, THREADSAN and RAII analysis at compile time, without the performance penalty at runtime * all bindings are `const`ed by default unless they specifically opt out with `let mut` * all code you depend on is also analyzed under the same constraints by the compiler --- ## Installation * LLVM is the default codegen backend but the [experimental gcc](https://rust-gcc.github.io) has not yet stabilized * [CodeLLDB](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=vadimcn.vscode-lldb) is a reliable debugger setup --- ## Basic Types * Raw pointers do exist but are rarely used. Their typed variants with added semantics and safety are preferred, like `&`. * Rust Strings do not have the Small String Optimization that C++ does * Try a drop in replacement like [smallstr](https://crates.io/crates/smallstr) instead --- ## Basic Types 2 * Rust's `println!` [semantics for non-numerics follow those](https://locka99.gitbooks.io/a-guide-to-porting-c-to-rust/content/features_of_rust/strings.html) of `sprintf`, but with `{}`: * `%-10s` to format a left aligned string padded to minimum 10 spaces becomes `{:<10}` * `%04` to pad a number with zeros up to a width of 4 becomes `{:04}`, etc. * Rust does not have user defined literals so you need a macro to make `let duration = 5_milliseconds;` work in Rust. --- ## Basic Types 3 * A Rust `enum` is most similar to an `std::variant` * `=` and `+=` like operators return the value that was set, whereas in Rust they do not. --- ## Control Flow * This loop ```cpp const auto v = {1,2,3,4}; for (const auto &: list) { //... } ``` is equivalent to ```rust [], ignore for value in &list { //... } ``` --- ## Compound Types --- ## Ownership and Borrowing --- ## Error Handling --- ## Collections --- ## Iterators --- ## Imports and Modules --- ## Good Design Practices --- # Applied Rust --- ## Methods and Traits --- ## Rust I/O Traits --- ## Generics --- ## Lifetimes --- ## Cargo Workspaces --- ## Heap Allocation (Box and Rc) --- ## Shared Mutability (Cell, RefCell, OnceCell) --- ## Thread Safety (Send/Sync, Arc, Mutex) --- ## Closures and the Fn/FnOnce/FnMut traits --- ## Spawning Threads and Scoped Threads --- # Advanced Rust --- ## Advanced Strings --- ## Building Robust Programs with Kani --- ## Dealing with Unwrap --- ## Debugging Rust --- ## Deconstructing Send, Arc, and Mutex --- ## Dependency Management with Cargo --- ## Deref Coercions --- ## Design Patterns --- ## Documentation --- ## Drop, Panic and Abort --- ## Dynamic Dispatch --- ## Macros --- ## Property Testing --- ## Rust Projects Build Time --- ## Send and Sync --- ## Serde --- ## Testing --- ## The stdlib --- ## Using Cargo --- ## Using Types to encode State --- # Rust and Web Assembly --- ## WASM
